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Types of Anxiety Disorders Everyone experiences anxiety and fear at times, but if the feelings are intense or persistent and disrupt everyday life they may indicate an anxiety disorder. Treatments include medication and talk therapy or psychotherapy. First, talk to your doctor to rule any physical ailments out that might be causing symptoms. A psychiatrist or mental health professional can diagnose the type anxiety disorder that you have. Generalized anxiety disorder Everyone is anxious from time to time, and there are many good reasons for worrying about things like work responsibility or money, or health. But if your anxiety becomes constant and consumes your life, you could be suffering from a more serious anxiety disorder called generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). GAD sufferers experience feelings of dread that influence their lives for the rest of their lives and can be difficult to control. They are prone to anticipate the worst or assume that minor issues will turn into major disasters. GAD can be affected by anyone. It usually starts in the adolescent years or early childhood but can occur at any time. It is twice as prevalent for women and those who are assigned to be female at birth, as it is in men. GAD can trigger physical symptoms, including stomachaches and headaches, as well as make it difficult to sleep. It can also cause people to feel depressed and self-esteem erode. It can interfere with social and work activities. People who suffer from chronic and severe GAD are more likely to suffer from depression, but treatment can help treat both disorders. Although the exact cause of anxiety isn't known however, it is believed that anxiety disorders are linked to genetics and changes to brain structures that impact your body's response to stress. Some experts believe that an imbalance in neurotransmitters in the brain plays an important role. GAD is not curable, but it can be controlled by psychotherapy (talk-therapy) and medication. Talk therapy or psychotherapy includes various therapies that help you recognize and change unhealthy thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is a type of talk therapy that can help you to understand and control your thinking patterns that are unbalanced and lessen your anxiety by challenging them. Certain physical symptoms, such as dizziness or heart palpitations can be alleviated by medication. They include antidepressants, benzodiazepines and some medicines used to treat seizures, such as hydroxyzine. GAD is difficult to recognize however, it is important to seek help when you are worried or if other symptoms of the disorder are evident. Early treatment is more effective, because it helps you manage your anxiety and physical symptoms before they take over your life. Panic disorder This kind of anxiety disorder is marked by frequent episodes of sudden feelings of extreme terror and fear that peak within minutes (panic attacks). People who have this disorder may also feel chest pain, shortness of breath or a feeling that their heart is pounding or fluttering (“heart palpitations”). They often worry that their symptoms are signs of an attack on their heart. People suffering from panic disorder could be at risk of developing other anxiety disorders, such as depression and other health issues such asthma or hyperthyroidism. The cause of anxiety disorders isn't well understood, but researchers believe that they arise from a mix of factors. Some research suggests that they could be linked to malfunctioning circuits in the brain that control fear and emotions. Other studies suggest that genetics and life experiences, such as trauma or abuse in childhood, are common causes of anxiety disorders. Many people with anxiety problems have a first-degree family member who suffers from the condition. People suffering from anxiety disorders can feel worried all the time, even when they know that their fears are irrational. This can create difficulties in social situations, at work or in school. In addition, many sufferers of anxiety disorders experience difficulty sleeping or eat well. They may also have tension in the muscles, irritability and difficulty concentrating. A person with generalized anxious disorder may worry about a myriad of daily tasks such as work responsibilities and family issues. They're also likely to feel tired or irritable as well as having trouble concentrating. They often worry about their safety or that of others. There are effective treatments available for anxiety disorders. Treatments include medicine, psychotherapy and complementary health methods. A mental health professional can help you identify which disorder is causing your symptoms and recommend the appropriate treatment. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy can help you understand how to manage your anxiety and reduce the number of panic attacks you experience. There are several types of psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavior therapy as well as exposure response preventative. These therapies can be performed individually or in groups. Social anxiety disorder Social anxiety disorder is a serious condition that can hinder daily life. It causes extreme anxiety, fear, and aversion to social situations. It can manifest in early adulthood, but it typically starts in childhood. It is usually manifested as anxiety over specific social situations, like talking in class or going out on a date, or it could be more generalized and include the avoidance of situations that could cause being perceived as a failure by others. The person with SAD may recognize that their anxiety is unfounded however, they feel powerless. They try to manage their symptoms by avoiding situations that cause anxiety, but this only makes them more anxious. They might also develop “safety behavior” to to reduce anxiety, such as drinking alcohol, avoiding conversation and avoid eye contact. Certain people suffering from SAD might benefit from taking medication in addition to psychotherapy. These medications, also known as antidepressants, aid in balancing the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain. Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). If you or someone you know has social anxiety disorder, it's important to get treatment. Untreated, the condition can be debilitating, and can lead to other mental health issues such as depression or substance abuse. If you or someone you know is suffering from suicidal thoughts contact 911, your local crisis line or text TALK (741741) to talk to a crisis counselor. Anxiety disorders can be treated, but only about 1 in 4 people who need treatment receive it. Barriers to getting treatment include lack of awareness that anxiety conditions are real, inadequate investment in mental health services, and stigma. It is also essential to ensure that your doctor is aware of the various types of anxiety disorders so that you can be appropriately diagnosed and treated. If you're not sure whether you suffer from an anxiety disorder, ask your doctor to refer you to an expert in mental health or utilize an online screening tool. Specific phobias A person who has a specific phobia experiences persistent and a heightened fear of one or more of the following: objects, situations animals, or other people. These fears are often in contrast to the danger that the object or situation poses, but they can cause anxiety and disrupt the daily activities of. Specific phobias differ from other anxiety disorders because they are triggered by only one stimulus, not multiple stimuli. The object or situation that is feared could be anything, from dogs to heights, flying to injections and crowded spaces. This condition occurs worldwide most often in men than women, and can start in adolescence or childhood. People with specific phobias know their fears are not rational, but this knowledge does not diminish the severity of their symptoms. Children with specific fears usually outgrow them. However when the fear persists into adulthood it can be difficult to treat. Doctors diagnose the disorder based on reported symptoms and their impact on daily functioning. They rule out other conditions that could be similar, such as agoraphobia and social anxiety disorder, before diagnosing a fear. In previous DSM editions, adult patients had to acknowledge their irrational fear as part of the diagnosis. However, the 2013 edition states that it is no longer necessary for adults. Treatment options for specific phobias are cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure-based therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on changing the way people respond to their fears and helps them develop healthier strategies for coping. Exposure-based therapy is a gradual and consistent exposure to the subject or event. A patient may start with thinking about the object or event, then move on to looking at images of the subject. They may then take an action towards it (such as walking through an elevator) or holding an imaginary snake, going to a zoo and looking at real snakes and finally riding in a crowded elevator. While this type of therapy does not alleviate phobias however it can greatly reduce the intensity of the symptoms. Psychotherapy and medications like antidepressants and anti-anxiety drugs are also options to treat specific phobias. People with specific phobias that test these therapies often report improved outcomes.